Explore
Areni-1 Cave functioned as both an industrial wine settlement and a sacred mortuary site. Excavations show domestic life layered directly above ancient burial pits.
Systematic international excavations of this 5,400-square-foot cave complex began in 2007. Archaeologists uncovered distinct soil layers that track thousands of years of human history. The cave's stable, cool microclimate preserved fragile materials like wood, rope, and textiles for over six millennia.
Visitors must stay on designated wooden walkways. You will look down into active archaeological trenches where experts study the intersection of domestic living and ceremonial rituals.
10 minutesCeremonial space
These excavated pits hold human remains, including the skulls of young females. The findings suggest the site served ceremonial or ritualistic purposes. Archaeologists note the cave acted as a sacred mortuary space alongside its wine production. Do not touch any geological formations or artifacts near the pits.
5 minutesDiscovery location
This is where researchers unearthed a 5,500-year-old cowhide shoe. It is the oldest intact footwear ever found, preserved by thick layers of sheep dung and the dry cave air. The original shoe now resides in the History Museum of Armenia in Yerevan. You can view detailed panels and replicas at the exact spot of discovery.
5 minutesObserve soil stratigraphy
These deep cuts into the cave floor reveal distinct soil layers from multiple historical periods. You can visually trace the timeline of human occupation through the colored bands in the dirt walls. Follow the instructions of on-site guides, as this remains an active excavation zone.
